出國留學，一份標準的留學申請書應該包含哪些材料呢?這些材料應該怎麼寫誰來寫呢?今天本站小編就為大家詳述出國留學申請文書的種類以及如何準備。
簡歷 (Curriculum Vitae orRésumé)
Curriculum Vitae or Résumé 都可以翻譯成簡歷，但實際上，Résumé具有更加自由和多樣化的組織格式，通常用於找工作。然而，Curriculum Vitae對於格式的要求則相對嚴格，通常用於在學校或教育機構尋找機會。
另外不同的是，Résumé傾向於為某種特定的目的或目標讀者而量身定製，通常以陳述個人目標開始，然後按照重要性羅列出自己以往的成就。而Curriculum Vitae則是按照時間順序，以濃縮的資料形式，呈現出一個完整的自己。
申請材料清單 (Cover Letter orApplication Checklist)
申請材料清單的內容包括申請人的姓名、聯絡方式、申請的院系及專業，最重要的是要逐一羅列您申請包中的所有材料。這樣可以使拿到您材料的每一個人井然有序的查詢您所有的檔案，避免傳遞過程中的遺漏。同樣，如果遇到材料不全或郵寄過程中的丟失，一張清晰明確的申請材料清單，也可以使得更方便快捷地聯絡到您。
個人陳述(Personal Statement)
通常我們叫做PS，即Personal Statement 或 Statement ofPurpose. PS的主要內容包括你為什麼要選擇這個學校和專業;你的優勢和業績，尤其是在大學期間或工作背景中與申請專業領域相關的部分;你的英語水平及特長;整個的學習過程會對你在未來的發展中有何幫助以及你對未來的發展計劃與目標。
PS是西方國家學校、工作申請中非常重要的參考材料之一，也是申請人全面展現自己的關鍵機會。同時，PS也是對所有申請材料的綜合和總結，它就像是一條貫穿始終的主線。一封好的PS可以幫助你在眾多的申請材料中脫穎而出，申請順利成功。
研究計劃 (Research Proposal)
Research Proposal是申請科研性碩士、博士學位的一個必要材料。它的主要內容是陳述你對這個研究領域的瞭解與想法，也是未來導師最關心的部分。他們希望能從你的研究計劃中發現你對做科研的熱情以及對其研究領域方面的潛質。因此這份材料很可能成為你能否被錄取的直接因素。
我們擁有來自各個專業，畢業於英國各大名校的研究學者。由他們幫您介紹做科研的經驗、把握研究計劃的起草方向，相信您的申請一定會事半功倍。
推薦信(References)
Reference是申請人的大學導師或單位領導等那些教導您，熟悉您，在您過去的經歷中有重要地位的人來完成。申請過程中，通常需要兩封推薦信。如果您是應屆畢業生，這兩封信均由您大學期間的老師完成，如果您已經參加工作，那麼一封由原學校導師執筆，一封則可由您目前僱主代理。
推薦信的作用舉足輕重，因為除大學成績單和英語標準考成績外，這兩封信是對您唯一的客觀評價材料。如何把握好您不同階段推薦人的身份，對您作出真實、有力的總結，是寫好推薦信的關鍵。
留學申請範文-Cornell University
Cornell UniversityFinancial Engineering
Upon arriving at college, I was intent on discovering what I would truly love to do for the rest of my life. I was eager to explore the richness of the world and my own passion. Since then, I have found the answer in quantitative finance and now look forward to learning in greater depth about my chosen field.
At the time of my graduation from high school in China, I dreamed of becoming a great inventor, like Thomas Edison or Orville or Wilbur Wright. During the first two years of college, I explored, first, the field of mechanical engineering and, then, ECE (electrical and computer engineering)ver, neither area seemed to offer me sufficient opportunities to exercise critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Then, one day, toward the end of my sophomore year, I talked with a friend who excitedly told me about a project using a quantitative approach that she and her classmates were completing for an optimization modeling class. I was thrilled and immediately decided to transfer to OR (Operations Research).
The following summer, I served an internship in a mutual fund company based in Shanghai. Working in the firm’s newly established Strategy Department, I enjoyed opportunities to familiarize myself with many varied aspects of the business. Furthermore, aware that I was studying Operations Research, my boss invited me to launch a quantitative investment strategy project. Although, at that time, I knew relatively little about OR, I excitedly accepted the challenge. Throughout the summer, after working all day, I would spend the evening reading research papers. The beauty and potential of quantitative analysis fascinated me, and further reinforced my decision to study OR.
During my junior year, I began participating in the Cornell Alpha Fund, a student-run investment fund. I soon became a partner, co-managing the fund along with five other partners. In the educational sessions we organize to provide ourselves as well as our members with a learning environment, we require every presentation to include both qualitative and quantitative analysis, with an emphasis on applying our knowledge to practical real-world situations. What we derive from these meetings then enriches our classroom learning. Perhaps ironically, my involvement in club operations and in investment decisions, while broadening my knowledge, has also made me aware of my and other members’ limitations, especially on the quantitative side. As a result of our lack of expertise in that area, we were able to execute very few options trades and no futures trades at all. My decision to pursue further study in graduate school stems in part from my desire to more fully understand the field of derivatives and the quantitative side of the financial markets.
My academic experiences at Cornell have prepared me well for graduate study. For example, I was involved in several relevant research projects. In my junior year, I assisted Professor Rick Geddes in creating a rule-of-law index for various countries. In my senior year, I continued to work with Professor Geddes on a PPP (public private partnership) highway construction project. In addition, as a senior, I assisted Professor PeterFrazier in the development of a simulation with a graphical user interface (GUI), a project based on a research problem in scheduling follow-up checkups for patients after vascular surgery. For me, the research process itself ―addressing challenges and getting closer and closer to solutions ― is delightful. The prospect of continuing to engage in stimulating research is another reason I wish to enroll in a graduate program.
My specific choice of Mathematics in Finance in a Master’s program emanates from one of my most fascinating classes at Cornell: Professor Ming Huang’s Behavior Finance. Listening to Professor Huang explains the behavior of financial markets and, in particular, the ways in which these behaviors are inefficient, I was intrigued by the prospect of applying quantitative analysis to these markets. My goal in a graduate program is to combine my quantitative skills and interests with my background in finance.
After completing the Master’s program, I plan to pursue a career in my home country, China, where quantitative trading and algorithm trading are still in the early stages of development. My internship made me aware that, because of the lack of arbitrageurs and algorithm traders, quantitative strategies can be more effective in China than in countries like the U.S., in which the financial markets are already mature and more efficient. I keenly anticipate using the skills and knowledge I will acquire in a graduate program in Mathematics in Finance to improve the efficiency and contribute to the maturity of financial markets in China.