1)have +過去分詞，構成完成時態。例如：
He has left for London. 他已去了倫敦。
By the end of last month， they had finished half of their work. 上月未為止，他們已經完成工作的一半。
2)have + been +現在分詞，構成完成進行時。例如：
I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在學英語，已達十年之久。
3)have +been +過去分詞，構成完成式被動語態。例如：
English has been taught in China for many years. 中國教英語已經多年。