摘 要
合同的相對性是整個合同法制度和理論的基礎之1。涉他合同是適應社會發展需要而產生的對合同相對性原理的制度性修正。涉他合同之涉他，包括債務人有義務使第3人向債權人履行債務和第3人有權請求債務人履行債務兩種情形。前者即由第3人給付合同，後者是向第3人給付合同。我國關於涉他合同的立法條文只是散見於各單行法中，合同法第64條、65條規定過於籠統，未賦予第3人任何法律地位，與德國法上的'“經由被指令人而為交付”相同，因此不屬於涉他合同。結合我國的立法現狀及實踐的需要，應在民法典及合同法中設專條對向第3人給付合同予以規定，明確向第3人給付的合同使第3人直接取得請求債務人履行的權利,債權人同時享有請求債務人向第3人履行的權利。
關鍵詞：合同關係相對性；涉他合同；向第3人給付；法理分析
ABSTRCT
The relativity is one of the foundations of system and theories of Contract Law. The reason why the third party referred to the contract cone into being is to adapt to the need of social development and the institutional amendment to the contract relativity principle third party referred to the contract should include the following two :debtors have the duty to make the third party performing the debt to the creditors;the third party has the right to demand former is named by Pays by the third person ,the latter is named by Pays to the third legitimatize law on the third party referred to the contract can only be seen in the special law . Although the articles 64 and 65 of contemporary Chinese contract law are similar with the German law regulation ——Geheissperson ,they do not entrust any legal status of the third Party ,they are not the contract referring to the third in terms of the current legislation and the needs of practice ,it will adjust to the requirements of the improvement of legislation of the third party referred to the contract from both the Civil Code and the Contract Law which adding to the special atrticles of Pays to the third person third party getting his or her right to demand debtors performing the duty ,and the creditors have the rights to ask the debtors performing their duty to the third party is the contract which regulated that the third party can be paid .
Keywords: the contract relativity principle；the third party referred to the contract； Pays to the third person；The analysis of jurisprudence
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