Reflection on Chomsky’s Idealization of Language
I. Introduction
II. Demonstration
A. Language as a concrete system of signs, has its own significance in the context of society.
1. Language is a system.
conventionalization of language.
B. Language as a social institution, is born with society. It develops and interacts with the society.
1. Communicative function of language.
2. Language evolves hand in hand with the society.
uences from the society upon language.
1) Macrolinguistic perceptive
2) Microlinguistic perceptive
uences from language upon society
1) Interaction between language and society
2) Social factors and linguistic research
III. Conclusion
Abstract
This paper begins with a brief introduction to Chomsky’s methodology of idealization in linguistic research. Although the idealization in physical research from which Chomsky’s idealization deprives can still keep natural laws’ validity, the author points out Chomsky’s idealization is not accessible. The key point lies in the exclusion of social factors in his research. Then the author demonstrates the reason why Chomsky’s exclusion of social factors is not accessible from two aspects: (1) Language is a concrete system of signs. (2)Language is a social institution. Only in the context of society are these features significant and integrate, can language bear its form and forward its development and keep up the interaction with the society. Therefore instead of “being idealized” out of linguistic research, social factors should be regarded as the base of the research. Otherwise the object of the research will be totally changed and the research itself will be misguided. As for what factors can be temporarily idealized without changing language’s fundamental features? This is a question worth our further study in the future.
摘要：本文從Chomsky在語言學研究過程中所採用的理想化模式入手，認為Chomsky為了使研究變得簡單，便將與語言關係緊密的社會因素摒除在研究範圍之外，這是一種不可取的理想模式。接下來本文從兩個主要方面闡述了理想化模式不可取的原因：一是語言作為一種符號系統，只有在社會的環境下才能具有完整的意義。二是語言作為一種社會結構，無論是它的產生還是發展過程，都在不斷地和社會發生著相互作用。故而只要是研究語言學，我們就不能將社會因素“理想化”。至於什麼因素可以暫時不予考慮，這仍有待進一步的研究。
關鍵詞： 理想化，符號系統，社會結構，語言與社會的相互作用
畢業論文格式和範例1 在正文中引用參考文獻
一項科學研究取得的新成果通常是在前人成果的基礎上的新進展，它體現著科學科技的繼承和發展。如，基於已有的理論、方法、思想、實驗手段等，使本研究獲得了新進展，有了新發現；或是將一個學科中的方法移植到另一學科中並取得成功；或是對已有方法做了改進。當在論文中敘述研究目的、設計思想、建立的模型、與已有結果進行比較的時候，就要涉及到已有的成果。如果在涉及到前人成果的地方再把已有成果的具體內容抄到論文當中，不但佔去論文的篇幅，沖淡論文的主題，而且抄寫這些已發表過的、讀者可以查詢到的內容是毫無意義的。所以，在論文涉及到已有成果的地方，不去重抄已有的成果，而是指出登載這個成果文獻(出處)，這種做法叫做引用參考文獻。?引用了參考文獻，就要在涉及前人成果的地方做一個標記，見到這個標記，讀者就知道在這裡引用了參考文獻；按照這個標記在參考文獻表中就能找到刊登這個成果的詳細內容的文章。在正文中引用參考文獻的地方加一個標記，稱為參考文獻的標註。標註的方法稱為標註法。