A Contrastive Study of Metaphorical Words in
English and Chinese
Abstract
Metaphorical words are words that have the meaning of metaphor. It enable the glossary to have the metaphor significance, thus strengthen the metaphor expression accurate and vivid. This thesis studies the word-formation, motivations, metaphorical meanings and cultural connotation, and finds that: 1) metaphor is not only a rhetorical device but a ways to enrich vocabulary, to extend the meaning of the terms and dynamically records, and to reflect the development of the human cognitive process; 2) some present participles have a common feature when they are used as metaphorical words and the deviational meaning will appear in the time of the collocation of it and its modifier; 3) different cultural context creates different metaphor vocabulary. To study metaphorical words, it’s good for enhancing the ability of understanding and expression, comprehending the meaning of words well and knowing the cultural of English countries deeply. It also can get the reality significance to the language teaching.
Key Words: metaphor; word-formation; metaphorical meanings;
cultural connotation; motivations
摘 要
隱喻是通過人類的認知和推理將1個概念域投射映合到另1個概念域，從而建立不同概念之間的相互聯絡。隱喻性詞彙是1種有3種構成方式，即詞性轉化、新增詞綴和使用分詞的具有隱喻意義的詞彙。隱喻性詞彙通過以上3種主要方式的構成，使詞彙具有了隱喻意義，從而增強了隱喻表達的準確性和形象性。本文從認知的角度對隱喻性詞彙的構成方法、理據、喻意和文化內涵4個方面進行研究，得出 ⑴ 隱喻已不僅是語言使用者修飾所用詞語的1種修辭手段，更重要的是它能豐富語言中的詞彙，擴充套件詞彙的詞義，動態的記錄人類認知的發展過程。⑵ 有些現在分詞作為隱喻性的詞語有1個共同點，在它們和被它們所修飾的詞語之間在搭配上出現語意上的'偏離。⑶ 不同的文化語境造成不同的隱喻性詞彙。對隱喻性詞彙的研究，有助於更有效的提高語言的理解能力和表達能力，理解詞彙意義，更深1成地瞭解英語國家相關的文化知識，對於言教學能起到現實的意義。
關鍵詞：隱喻、構詞法、喻意、文化內涵、理據
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